Quitain, A. – Kumamoto University, Japan
(free)This paper highlights the use of sub- and supercritical water, an environmentally benign solvent, for hydrothermal liquefaction of various types of Asian biomass for bio-oil production. This includes discussion on the properties of water under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and chemical structures and properties of biomass sources such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, lipids and proteins. Recent studies on the applications to liquefaction of various biomass sources such as algae (both micro and macro) and oil palm residues will be analyzed and discussed. The use of various applicable catalysts to enhance liquefaction even at mild temperature and pressure
conditions and for upgrading the obtained bio-oil to meet automobile fuel standards will also be reported.
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