Broeders, E.1, Boelee, N.C.1, Kramer-Hoenderboom, A.2, Groot Kormelinck, K.3, 1Nijhuis Saur Industries, 2Waterschap Rijn en IJssel, 3Van Remmen UV Technology BV, The Netherlands
(free)About 190 tons of medicines in the Netherlands is discharged in surface water
• ~95% through human bodies
• Current SWTPs are not designed to remove micro’s
Severe droughts due to climate change increases impact and risks:
➢ less dilution + similar use of medicines = higher concentrations in surface water
Treatment at source (SKB hospital)
o Efficient treatment of small flow with high concentrations at low costs
o Reduce contamination of iodinated contrast media (especially hard to remove)
o Prevent the presence of antibiotics in wastewater leading to resistance
o Treatment of specific (hospital) medicines
Treatment centralized (SWTP Winterswijk)
o Treatment of main pollution load
o Removal of a broad range of micropollutants
o Higher cost and energy requirement
o Focus on bulk load and less for specifics, such as contrast media
Aqua Enviro Ltd
T: 0113 8730728
c/o Tidal Accounting, HQ Offices, Radley House, Richardshaw Road, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS28 6LE