Proceedings

• Where We Once Were
• What We Are Learning Now
• How We Get To Where We Want

Prior to 1860s, doctors did not wash their hands before attending to patients, and the doctor that proposed medical professionals should wash their hands before handling patients was so mocked by his peers that he suffered from a nervous breakdown.

Mercury was once considered safe and used as a disinfectant, laxative, cure for syphilis, and even as a pill for immortality.

Up until the mid-19th century, it was commonly believed that placing dirty underwear in a bucket with wheat grains would “generate” mice. This was called “spontaneous generation,” the idea that life could be created from non-living objects.

Some Industry “Facts” and Beliefs

• Nitrification Is A 2-step Process Using Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria And Nitrite Oxidising Bacteria (Nitrosomas And Nitrobacter)
• Denitrification Removal Happens Only Under Anoxic Conditions
• We Need Dissolved Oxygen For Ammonia Removal
• You Need A High COD:P Ratio For Successful Bio-p
• A Long Sludge Age For Nitrification Is Necessary